From virtual cabinets to digital death camps: intersection of Grindr factory Chilean gayness
Abstract
The present work is conceived as an intersectional study between the different technologies of information, bodies, sexualities, class and race. Its focus of analysis are the virtual platforms intended for gay men, which make up a set of web pages and mobile applications (app), which mediate, manage and govern the desire of its users and the exercise of heterodisident sexualities. Technologies that set up emerging forms of sociability in real time and zero meters away, finding its expression in virtual cruising, which models the subjectivities of its users. The Grindr application that uses the geolocation of its users is centrally analized. The question that guides this research work, is how Grindr becomes an intersectional space that generates immediate intimacy and/or virtual cruising, which conveys forms of sociability and sexual practices, and ultimately configures and reconfigures gayness today, in Santiago de Chile. The application (app) Grindr is analyzed centrally, not only for being the pioneer in terms of mobile apps aimed at homosexual men but also for being the first to use the geolocation of its users, positioning it as a virtual map in motion. The question that guides this research work would be: how does Grindr become an intersectional space that generates immediate intimacy and / or virtual cruising, that conveys forms of sociability and sexual practices, and ultimately shapes and reconfigures gayness, in the news, in Santiago, Chile?Keywords:
Intesectionality, sexuality and technology, Grindr, digital mediation, online cruisinglReferences
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Gómez Beltrán, I. (2018). Grindr y la masculinidad (hegemónica): aproximación comparativa del rechazo a los hombres femeninos. Estudios Sociológicos de El Colegio de México, 37(109). https://doi.org/10.24201/es.2019v37n109.1644
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Roth, Y. (2016). Zero Feet Away: The Digital Geography of Gay Social Media. Journal of Homosexuality, 63(3), 437–442. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2016.1124707
Salazar, G. (2011). Políticas queer y capitalismo: Revoluciones moleculares en el Chile postdictatorial. Revista Sociedad y Equidad, (1).
Sedgwick, E. K. (1998). Epistemología del armario. Barcelona: diciones de la Tempestad.
Spargo, T. (2004). Foucault y la teoría queer. Barcelona:Gedisa Editorial.
Suárez García, C. (2017). Gordofobia: Un tránsito entre la enfermedad y la cosificación del cuerpo femenino. Recuperado desde from http://riull.ull.es/xmlui/handle/915/5641
Anzaldúa, G. (1999) Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza. 2nd ed. San Francisco: Aunt Lute.
Agostini, C. A., Hojman, D., Román, A. & Valenzuela, L. (2016). Segregación residencial de ingresos en el Gran Santiago, 1992-2002: una estimación robusta. EURE (Santiago), 42(127), 159–184. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0250-71612016000300007
Bastos, C. B. (2016). Performance and Feminisms: dialogues to inhabit the crossroad-body. urdimento-revista de estudos em artes cenicas, 2(27), 62-77.
Beas, R., Anduaga-Beramendi, A., Maticorena-Quevedo, J., Vizcarra-Melgar, J., & Mariño, C. (2016). Are dating apps a public health issue? Medwave, 16(08), e6536–e6536. https://doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2016.08.6536
Brah, A. (1996) Cartographies of diaspora: contesting identities. London/New York: Routledge.
Bourdieu, P. (1990). Sociologia y Cultura. Editorial Grijalbo.
Brown, G. (2012). Homonormativity: A Metropolitan Concept that Denigrates “Ordinary” Gay Lives. Journal of Homosexuality, 59(7), 1065–1072. doi:10.1080/00918369.2012.699851
Cortés, C. (2016). Experiencia social e indentidad territorial en barrio Bellas Artes: una mirada desde la gaycidad, región metropolitana, Chile. Anales Sociedad Chilena de Ciencias Geograficas, 47, 47–56.
Costa, J. (2013). Life control, interseccionality and politics of empowerment: female domestic workers' political organizations in Brazil. Estudos Históricos (Rio de Janeiro), 26(52), 471-489.
Crenshaw, K. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford law review, 1241-1299.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions (4o Edition). Los Angeles: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Deleuze, G., & Guattari, F. (1985). El anti-Edipo. Capitalismo y esquizofrenia. Barcelona: Paidós iberica.
Faris, M. J. (2019). Queering Networked Writing: A Sensory Authoethnography of Desire and Sensation on Grindr. In W. Banks, M. Cox, & C. Dadas (Eds.), RE/ORIENTING WRITING STUDIES Queer Methods, Queer Projects (pp. 127–149). Logan, Utah State University Press.
Foucault, M. (2010). El cuerpo utópico ; Las heterotopías. In Colección Claves. Buenos Aires: Nueva Visión.
Gómez Beltrán, I. (2018). Grindr y la masculinidad (hegemónica): aproximación comparativa del rechazo a los hombres femeninos. Estudios Sociológicos de El Colegio de México, 37(109). https://doi.org/10.24201/es.2019v37n109.1644
Gomez, E. (2018). La identidad de los usuarios de aplicaciones para telefonos moviles destinadas a hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH). El estudio de caso de Grindr. In L. Camarero, E. Hergueta-Covacho, & C. Villalonga (Eds.), Comunicar y educar en la ubicuidad. Aprendizaje movil, Apps, y MOOCs desde una metodologia inteRmetodologica ubicua (pp. 77–98). Sevilla, Espeña. Ediciones Egregigus.
Hakim, C. (2012). Capital erótico. El poder de fascinar a los demás. Barcelona: Debate.
Hancock, A. M. (2011). Solidarity politics for Millennials: A guide to ending the oppression olympics. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hill Collins, P. (2000) Black feminist thought: knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment. New York & London: Routledge.
Lemebel, P. (2009). Loco afán : crónicas de sidario. Barcelona:Seix Barral.
Likke, N (2010) Feminist Studies, A guide to intersectional Theory, Metodology and Writing. New York:Routledge.
Mowlabocus, S. (2010). Gaydar Culture:: Gay men, technology and embodiment in the digital age. London: Routledge.
Navajas-Pertegás, N. (2017). La gordofobia es un problema del trabajo social. AZARBE, 0(6), 37–46.
Raj, S. (2011). Grindring Bodies: Racial and Affective Economies of Online Queer Desire. Critical Race and Whiteness Studies, 7.2, 1–12. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/941246/Grindring_Bodies_Racial_and_Affective_Economies_of_Online_Queer_Desire
Reyes, S. (2018). Terror y morBBo en visualidades del contagio VIH/sida en Chile (1990-2018). ESCENA. Revista de Las Artes, 150–166. https://doi.org/10.15517/es.v0i0.35612
Roth, Y. (2016). Zero Feet Away: The Digital Geography of Gay Social Media. Journal of Homosexuality, 63(3), 437–442. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2016.1124707
Salazar, G. (2011). Políticas queer y capitalismo: Revoluciones moleculares en el Chile postdictatorial. Revista Sociedad y Equidad, (1).
Sedgwick, E. K. (1998). Epistemología del armario. Barcelona: diciones de la Tempestad.
Spargo, T. (2004). Foucault y la teoría queer. Barcelona:Gedisa Editorial.
Suárez García, C. (2017). Gordofobia: Un tránsito entre la enfermedad y la cosificación del cuerpo femenino. Recuperado desde from http://riull.ull.es/xmlui/handle/915/5641
